In-Trac Hot TB Publications

Stay up-to-date with the latest in tuberculosis research! Each week (or every other week), Dr. Azad curates a selection of the most relevant, interesting, and impactful TB-related articles from around the world. These “hot papers” are gathered from hundreds of publications and collected in one central location for easy access. Check back regularly to see the newest findings and insights shaping TB research today. 

  1.  Sun G, Li K, Ping J, Zhao L, Cui C, Wu J, Xie L, Yao X, Xu G, Ma S, Fan Y, Wang Q, Yang D, Luo B, Liu H, Yang J, Zhang W, Song W, Zhao G, Fu X, Bian XW, Qu J, Wang S, Chen H, Liu GH. A single-cell transcriptomic atlas reveals senescence and inflammation in the post-tuberculosis human lung. Nat Microbiol. 2025 Aug;10(8):2073-2091. doi: 10.1038/s41564-025-02050-3. Epub 2025 Jul 14. PMID: 40659921 Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40659921/ 
  2.  He Y, Zheng X, Dang Z, Hao X, Liu Y, Wang P, Chen Y, Wang Y, Sha W. Association of T-Cell Profiles with Disease Severity, Drug-Induced Liver Injury, and Treatment Completion in Tuberculosis. Clin Respir J. 2025 Aug;19(8):e70114. doi: 10.1111/crj.70114. PMID: 40746087; PMCID: PMC12314307. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40746087/ 
  3. Zhang R, Yao F, Huang Y, Liu W, Liao S, He J, Li S, Wang Z, Li L, Zhang G. Modeling Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pathogenesis in Lung Epithelial Organoids Reveals Strain-Specific Host Responses and Intercellular Crosstalk. J Biol Chem. 2025 Jul 28:110534. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2025.110534. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40738187. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40738187/ 
  4. Ding Y, Li Y, Wu Z, Zhou Y, Guo Y, Tian S, Yu R, Deng C, Wei R, Chen H, Li Y, Zhang X, Yu W, Jing C, Liu S, Qin L, Lyu M, Zou Y, Yao Y, Tan L, Wu S, Liu W, Chen X, Jin J. A novel nanoparticle vaccine displaying multistage tuberculosis antigens confers protection in mice infected with H37Rv. NPJ Vaccines. 2025 Jul 29;10(1):173. doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01216-8. PMID: 40730746; PMCID: PMC12307718. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40730746/ 
  5. Gern BH, Klas JM, Foster KA, Kanagy ME, Cohen SB, Plumlee CR, Duffy FJ, Neal ML, Halima M, Gustin AT, Stull SM, Wilson JJ, Diercks AH, Aderem A, Gale M Jr, Aitchison JD, Gerner MY, Urdahl KB. Early and opposing neutrophil and CD4 T cell responses shape pulmonary tuberculosis pathology. J Exp Med. 2025 Oct 6;222(10):e20250161. doi: 10.1084/jem.20250161. Epub 2025 Jul 30. PMID: 40736456; PMCID: PMC12309470. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40736456/ 
  6.  Javed R, Mari M, Trosdal E, Lopes Alberto Duque T, Paddar M, Allers L, Akepati P, Mudd MH, Reggiori F, Deretic V. ATG9A controls all stages of autophagosome biogenesis. Autophagy. 2025 Aug;21(8):1859-1861. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2025.2494802. Epub 2025 Apr 27. PMID: 40241347; PMCID: PMC12282988. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40241347/ 
  7. Modanwal R, Chaubey GK, Dilawari R, Talukdar S, Sindhu A, Raje CI, Raje M. Metformin induces iron deprivation and enhances mitochondrial ROS in macrophages creating a hostile environment for survival of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Aug;189:118314. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118314. Epub 2025 Jul 5. PMID: 40618587. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40618587/
  8. Niewold P, IJsselsteijn ME, Dijkman K, de Miranda N, Ottenhoff THM, Verreck FAW, Joosten SA. NK cell-macrophage interactions in granulomas correlate with limited tuberculosis pathology. PLoS Pathog. 2025 Aug 1;21(8):e1012980. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012980. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40749077. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40749077/ 
  9. Zhu L, Cao W, Li B, Yang R, Wang Y, Wu H, Peng L, Huang X, Ma W, Zhong L, Ma W, Gao L, Wu X, Song J, Yang J, Luo S, Bao F, Xia X, Liu A. IL-32 positively regulates the AEBP1-IκBα-NF-κB-TNF-α axis to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in human macrophages. Microb Pathog. 2025 Jul 31:107944. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107944. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40752529. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40752529/ 
  10. Jacobo-Delgado YM, Rodríguez-Carlos A, Santos-Mena A, González-Muñiz ÓE, Félix-Arellano C, Navarro-Tovar G, Rivas-Santiago B. A new target for drug repositioning: CEBPα elicits LL-37 expression in a vitamin D-independent manner promoting Mtb clearance. Microb Pathog. 2025 Aug;205:107586. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107586. Epub 2025 Apr 18. PMID: 40252936. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40252936/ 
  11. Luo G, Wen Y, Wang M, Wang H, Li D, Liao M, Zeng D, Luo S, Niu L, Sun T, Sun P, Qin L, Li W, Song S, Takiff HE, Zhang S, Gao Q, Zhang Z, Yan B. A granulin-positive macrophage subtype in mycobacterial granulomas alleviates tissue damage by limiting excessive inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Aug 5;122(31):e2413946122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2413946122. Epub 2025 Jul 29. PMID: 40729382 Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40729382/ 
  12. Jeon SM, Lee YJ, Lee SH, Kim SI, Lee B, Roh T, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Kim IS, Whang J, Kim SY, Jhun BW, Chung C, Kang DH, Yeo MK, Kim JM, Jang J, Min JJ, Komatsu M, Kim JK, Park WY, Jo EK. ATG7 in innate immune cells is required for host defense against nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections. Nat Commun. 2025 Jul 29;16(1):6966. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-61791-1. PMID: 40730835; PMCID: PMC12307950. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40730835/ 
  13. Resendiz-Galvan JE, Murphy RA, Govender T, Teponnou GAK, Wiesner L, Court R, Louis SG, Maartens G, Denti P. Model-based evaluation of adherence to bedaquiline and clofazimine in adults with drug-resistant TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2025 Aug 1;29(8):362-369. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.24.0610. PMID: 40751208. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40751208/ 
  14. Degtyareva S, Hamada Y, Baggaley RF, Hassan N, Capocci S, van Crevel R, van Geuns D, Miller R, Pareek M, Pozniak A, Rangaka MX, Tiberi S, de Vries G, Lipman M, Brown J. Tuberculosis preventive treatment care pathways in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J. 2025 Aug 8;66(2):2302174. doi: 10.1183/13993003.02174-2023. PMID: 40312113. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40312113/ 
  15. Liu W, Zhu C, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang X, Shang X, Zhao J, Li Z, Jia H, Zhang Z, Pan L. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv2521 promotes ferroptosis-dependent pathogenicity by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Aug 7;321(Pt 4):146294. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.146294. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40763856. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40763856/ 
  16. Maurizio I, Ruggiero E, Zanin I, Conflitti M, Nicoletto G, Provvedi R, Richter SN. CUT&Tag reveals unconventional G-quadruplex landscape in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in response to oxidative stress. Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 6;16(1):7253. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62485-4. PMID: 40770179; PMCID: PMC12328624. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40770179/ 
  17.  Liu W, Wang Y, Zhao J, Zhang X, Li Z, Jia H, Zhu C, Zhang L, Pan L, Zhang Z. Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis intracellular survival-related virulence factors via CRISPR-based eukaryotic-like secretory protein mutant library screen. Microbiol Spectr. 2025 Aug 5;13(8):e0076725. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00767-25. Epub 2025 Jun 12. PMID: 40503836; PMCID: PMC12323669. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40503836/ 
  18. Naz F, Arish M, Singh S, Naqvi N, Alam A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE5 stimulates anti-inflammatory cytokine production via innate immune toll-like receptor 4 signaling. Microb Pathog. 2025 Aug 6;208:107966. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107966. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40774564. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40774564/ 
  19. Dasgupta S, Saha B, Chowdhury SR, Chaudhury K. Deciphering genetic overlaps between pulmonary tuberculosis and GERD for drug target discovery: A structural bioinformatics perspective. Microb Pathog. 2025 Aug 6;208:107949. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107949. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40769224. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40769224/ 
  20. Bromley JD, Simonson AW, Shalek AK, Flynn JL. Host-intrinsic and host-extrinsic factors modulate immunity to Mtb infection, reinfection, and noncanonical vaccination routes. Cell Rep Med. 2025 Aug 5:102286. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102286. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40780201. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40780201/ 
  21. Pyle CJ, Wang L, Beerman RW, Jain V, Ohman HKE, Thompson BA, Abramson KR, Ko DC, Gregory SG, Smith CM, Neff JL, Richardson RJ, Stout JE, Tobin DM. Paired single-cell and spatial transcriptional profiling reveals a central osteopontin macrophage response mediating tuberculous granuloma formation. mBio. 2025 Aug 7:e0155925. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01559-25. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40772762. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40772762/ 
  22. Pacheco JEC, Davids C, Yalovenko T, Näsström E, Ahnlund M, Godaly G, Valetti S. Bioinspired mycobacterial lipid coating of porous particles for enhanced antimicrobial efficacy. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2025 Aug 6:107225. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2025.107225. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40780537. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40780537/ 
  23. Vilchèze C, Rajagopalan S, Kalluru RS, Banaei N, Jacobs WR Jr. Vitamin C potentiates the killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by bedaquiline through metabolic disruption. mBio. 2025 Aug 13;16(8):e0148425. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01484-25. Epub 2025 Jun 25. PMID: 40558048; PMCID: PMC12345178. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40558048/ 
  24. Zeeb M, Kusejko K, Hartnack S, Pasin C, Abela IA, Rusert P, Liechti T, Kadelka C, Notter J, Eichenberger A, Hoffmann M, Hirsch HH, Calmy A, Cavassini M, Labhardt ND, Bernasconi E, Günthard HF, Kouyos RD, Trkola A, Nemeth J; Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis alters the antibody response to HIV-1. PLoS Pathog. 2025 Aug 13;21(8):e1013350. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013350. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40802847. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40802847/ 
  25. Maiello P, Diedrich C, Rutledge T, Rodgers M, Kracinovsky K, Borish HJ, White A, Hopkins F, Chao MC, Klein E, Fortune S, Flynn JL, Lin PL. Characterizing PET CT patterns and bacterial dissemination features of tuberculosis relapse in the macaque model. Infect Immun. 2025 Aug 12;93(8):e0017725. doi: 10.1128/iai.00177-25. Epub 2025 Jun 23. PMID: 40548727; PMCID: PMC12341373. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40548727/ 
  26. De Voss CJ, Riek SN, Stupar M, Tan L, Forde BM, West NP. Characterization of PPE19 as a novel mediator of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-macrophage interactions. mSphere. 2025 Aug 11:e0003625. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00036-25. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40787981. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40787981/ 
  27. Plaatjie ON, van Furth AMT, Solomons R, van der Kuip M, Mason S. CSF carnitine is a potential biomarker in paediatric tuberculous meningitis. Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 11;15(1):29366. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15000-0. PMID: 40790076; PMCID: PMC12339701. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40790076/ 
  28. Shah M, Patel I, Khona P, Patel H, Yadav MR, Nagani A. Pyrazolopyridine pyrimidone hybrids as potential DprE1 inhibitors, design, synthesis and biological evaluation as antitubercular agents. Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 12;15(1):29586. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14734-1. PMID: 40797008; PMCID: PMC12343961. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40797008/ 
  29. Quncuo C, Ye WD, Yang J, He JQ. Predictors of therapeutic exposure and pharmacokinetic variability of second-line anti-TB drugs in MDR-TB patients: a retrospective study. Infection. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1007/s15010-025-02620-x. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40802129. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40802129/ 
  30. Qin Y, Xu J, Wang Q, Shi J. Cytotoxic granules and effector molecules from immune cells in tuberculosis: Mechanisms of host defense and therapeutic potential. Virulence. 2025 Dec;16(1):2542466. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2542466. Epub 2025 Aug 18. PMID: 40825006; PMCID: PMC12363531. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40825006/ 
  31. Dewi IMW, Bruno M, Janssen NAF, Gresnigt MS, van Laarhoven A, van Crevel R, van de Veerdonk FL. Aspergillus fumigatus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis synergistically induce TNF and IL-1β via different pathways in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cytokine. 2025 Aug 23;195:157018. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2025.157018. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40850135. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40850135/ 
  32. Baluku JB, Namiiro S, Zawedde DK, Namanda B, Kawalya H, Najjingo I, Geoffrey W, Niyonzima N, Bogere N, Nuwagira E, Rhein J, Jones N, Kraef C, Shaughnessy M, Chauhan A, Nankya I, Mfinanga S, Gerson S, Kirenga B. DNA methylation patterns associated with prior tuberculosis infection in people with HIV. Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 19;15(1):30349. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15532-5. PMID: 40830169; PMCID: PMC12365075. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40830169/ 
  33. Ssekamatte P, Sitenda D, Nabatanzi R, Nkurunungi G, Nakibuule M, Kibirige D, Kyazze AP, Kateete DP, Bagaya BS, Sande OJ, van Crevel R, Cose S, Biraro IA. Metabolic dysfunction impairs Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific cytokine and chemokine responses in latent tuberculosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 19;15(1):30474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16385-8. PMID: 40830413; PMCID: PMC12365027. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40830413/ 
  34. Lutchmun W, Heinrich N, Svensson EM, Kloss F, Konsten S, Dreisbach J, Hoelscher M. First-in-human study of the benzothiazinone and DprE1 inhibitor BTZ-043, a novel drug candidate for the treatment of Tuberculosis. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2025 Aug 18;7(4):dlaf127. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlaf127. PMID: 40831749; PMCID: PMC12359132. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40831749/ 
  35. Corrêa GF, Martins NS, Cipriano UG, Gembre AF, Rodrigues D, Apolloni VB, Zambelli Ramalho LN, de Campos Fraga-Silva TF, Tostes R, Bonato VLD. Chemerin Exacerbates Pulmonary Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection Comorbidity. Inflammation. 2025 Aug 22. doi: 10.1007/s10753-025-02343-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40841701. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40841701/ 
  36. Maenetje N, Oladimeji M, Mlotshwa M, Hoft D, Lindan C, Wallis R, Charalambous S, Churchyard G, Edward V, Fiore-Gartland A, Shai J, Maenetje P. Epidemiological factors associated with immunological resistance in household contacts exposed to active tuberculosis in South Africa: A logistic regression analysis. PLoS One. 2025 Aug 19;20(8):e0329562. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0329562. PMID: 40828791; PMCID: PMC12364365. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40828791/ 
  37. Zhang Z, Du J, Zhang D, Han R, Wu X, Liang Y. Research progress of mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases. Eur J Med Res. 2025 Aug 23;30(1):792. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-03060-x. PMID: 40847375. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40847375/ 
  38. Nuritdinov F, Woo J, Schmidt MJ, Odjourian NM, Cristaldo M, Dougher M, Antilus-Sainte R, Heldt T, Rhee K, Bourouiba L, Gengenbacher M. Experimental system enables studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during aerogenic transmission. mBio. 2025 Aug 25:e0095825. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00958-25. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40853127. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40853127/ 
  39. Vinette V, Castro A, Kim H, Trujillo C, Xie M, Gengenbacher M, Ioerger TR, Ehrt S. Interstitial macrophages prevent tuberculosis relapse by restricting Mycobacterium tuberculosis immune evasion. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 Aug 31:2025.08.27.672444. doi: 10.1101/2025.08.27.672444. PMID: 40909595; PMCID: PMC12407821. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40909595/ 
  40. Kusejko K, Arefian M, Duroux D, Zeeb M, Dollé C, Hoffmann M, Labhardt N, Wandeler G, Cavassini M, Haller S, Bernasconi E, Russenberger D, Kouyos RD, Günthard HF, Collins BC, Nemeth J; Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Inflammation and B cell activation define a plasma proteome signature predicting tuberculosis in people with HIV. mBio. 2025 Aug 28:e0158525. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01585-25. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40874618. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40874618/ 
  41. Arora G, Munson CW, Ahmed M, Shivanna V, Devi A, Devireddy VS, Antony B, Hall-Ursone S, Gonzalez OD, Dick E Jr, Jagannath C, Alvarez X, Mehra S, Khader SA, Singh DK, Kaushal D. Development and Preclinical Evaluation of Next-generation ΔsigH-based Live Candidate Vaccines. JCI Insight. 2025 Aug 28:e195947. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.195947. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40875531. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40875531/ 
  1. Prasanna P, Herrera B, Schlesinger LS, Paiardini M, Sharan R. Advances in host-directed therapy for tuberculosis and HIV coinfection: enhancing immune responses. Trends Microbiol. 2025 Sep;33(9):961-975. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2025.04.006. Epub 2025 May 8. PMID: 40345900. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40345900/ 
  2. Faysal MA, Hanafy M, Zinniel DK, Tanni FY, Muthukrishnan E, Rathnaiah G, Barletta RG. Cell death pathways in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections. Infect Immun. 2025 Sep 9:e0040125. doi: 10.1128/iai.00401-25. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40924403. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40924403/ 
  3. Ravesloot-Chavez MM, Van Dis E, Fox D, Anaya-Sanchez A, Espich S, Nguyenla XH, Rawal S, Samani H, Ballinger M, Thomas HF, Kotov DI, Vance RE, Nachman MW, Stanley SA. Tuberculosis susceptibility in genetically diverse mice reveals functional diversity of neutrophils. Elife. 2025 Sep 12;13:RP102441. doi: 10.7554/eLife.102441. PMID: 40937719; PMCID: PMC12431774. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40937719/ 
  4.  Koleske B, Rajagopalan S, Schill C, Lun S, Vilchèze C, Das L, Gupta M, Martinez-Martinez YB, Bishai WR, Jacobs WR Jr. Loss of the ESX-5 secretion locus in Mycobacterium tuberculosis reshapes the mycomembrane and enhances ESX-1 substrate secretion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Sep 9;122(36):e2509997122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2509997122. Epub 2025 Sep 3. PMID: 40901885. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40901885/ 
  5.  Rivault A, Bernut A, Ben-Neji M, Abrantes M, Jansen M, Huc-Brandt S, Besteiro S, Bordat Y, Nguyen-Chi M, Audemard N, Mesleard-Roux M, Perrais D, Neyrolles O, Lugo-Villarino G, Vérollet C, Espert L, Beaumelle B. HIV-1 Tat favors the multiplication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma by inhibiting clathrin-mediated endocytosis and autophagy. PLoS Pathog. 2025 Sep 11;21(9):e1013183. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013183. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40934260. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40934260/ 
  6. Moos PJ, Carey AF, Joseph J, Kialo S, Norrie J, Moyareke JM, Amof A, Nogua H, Lim AL, Barrows LR. Description of bacterial RNA transcripts detected in Mycobacterium tuberculosis – infected cells from peripheral human granulomas. Virulence. 2025 Dec;16(1):2547326. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2547326. Epub 2025 Aug 25. PMID: 40817758; PMCID: PMC12380210. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40817758/ 
  7. Kirubakar G, Johnston L, Nae Rin Lee B, Russell DG, Simwela NV. Incorporation of macrophage immune stresses into an intracellular assay of drug tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025 Sep 11:e0079525. doi: 10.1128/aac.00795-25. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40934365. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40934365/ 
  8. Chen Y, Tang X, He C, Xiao C, Zhao Z. METTL3 contributes to M.tb-induced injury and inflammation in THP-1 macrophages by mediating m6A methylation of IRF8 to activate TLR4/NF-kB pathway. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2025 Sep;154:102667. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2025.102667. Epub 2025 Jun 13. PMID: 40587923. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40587923/ 
  9. Wang M, Dong X, Wan H, Shi J, Hui L, Chen W, Liu S, Yan J. Altered T Lymphocytes Mitochondrial Function and Inflammatory Factors of Peripheral Blood in HIV Patients With Mycobacterial Infection. J Cell Mol Med. 2025 Sep;29(17):e70832. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.70832. PMID: 40936199; PMCID: PMC12425818. 
  10. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40936199/ 
  11. Chen HR, Huang HS, Zeng SY, Sun YF, Chen L, Lai SY, Wang JJ, Yang F, Pi J, Cong YG, Xu JF. miR-146a-5p targets IRAK1/TRAF6 to promote bacillus Calmette-Guérin survival by exosome-mediated autocrine actions. Mol Immunol. 2025 Sep;185:105-115. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2025.07.012. Epub 2025 Jul 28. Erratum in: Mol Immunol. 2025 Aug 21;186:146. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2025.08.016. PMID: 40730095. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40730095/ 
  12. Pyle CJ, Wang L, Beerman RW, Jain V, Ohman HKE, Thompson BA, Abramson KR, Ko DC, Gregory SG, Smith CM, Neff JL, Richardson RJ, Stout JE, Tobin DM. Paired single-cell and spatial transcriptional profiling reveals a central osteopontin macrophage response mediating tuberculous granuloma formation. mBio. 2025 Sep 10;16(9):e0155925. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01559-25. Epub 2025 Aug 7. PMID: 40772762; PMCID: PMC12421895. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40772762/ 
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